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___ Turkey

Sultanahmet Mosque (Blue Mosque) and Hagia Sophia (Ayasofya) in Istanbul seen from the Bosporus.

Flag of Turkey

Location map of Turkey

Destination Turkey, officially the Republic of Turkey, a country between Europe and Asia located on the Anatolian peninsula in western Asia, with a small enclave in Thrace in the Balkan region of southeastern Europe.
Turkey is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea in south and east and by the Black Sea in north, by Armenia, Iran and Azerbaijan (exclave of Nakhchivan) in east, by Georgia in north east, by Bulgaria and Greece in north west, and by Iraq, and Syria in south east.
Turkey covers an area of 783,562 km2, the country is more than twice the size of Germany or slightly smaller than the U.S. states of Texas and Louisiana combined.
Turkey has a population of 78,7 million people (in 2015), largest city is Istanbul, the national capital is Ankara, spoken languages are Turkish (official), Kurdish, and Arabic.

Republic of Turkey | Türkiye Cumhuriyeti

Country Profile

Background:
Turkey is often called "the cradle of civilization," as it has been home to a rich variety of tribes and nations of people since at least 10,000 B.C.

The Republic of Turkey was founded in 1923 by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, replacing the dynastic and theocratic Ottoman system, with its Sultanate and Caliphate. The Republic was based on a secular democratic, pluralist and parilamentary system.

In 1945 Turkey joined the UN and became a member of NATO in 1952.
Turkey occupied the northern portion of Cyprus in 1974 to prevent a Greek takeover of the island; relations between the two countries remain strained.

Periodic military offensives against Kurdish separatists have dislocated part of the population in southeast Turkey and have drawn international condemnation.
In recent years, Turkey has become a major tourist destination in Europe.

Official Name:
Türkiye Cumhuriyeti
local short form: Türkiye
Int'l long form: Republic of Turkey
Int'l short form: Turkey

ISO Country Code: tr, tur
Actual Time: Tue-Nov-10 11:33
Local Time = UTC+2h
Daylight Saving Time (DST) March - October (UTC +3)

Country Calling Code: +90

Capital City: Ankara (pop. 3.7 million)

Other Cities:
Istanbul (9.2 million), Izmir (3.2 million), Bursa (1.9 million), Adana (1.7 million)

Government:
Type: Republic
Independence: 29 October 1923
Constitution: 7 November 1982

Geography:
Location: southeastern Europe and southwestern Asia
Area: 783,562 km² (302,535 sq. mi.)
Terrain: Narrow coastal plain surrounds Anatolia, an inland plateau becomes increasingly rugged as it progresses eastward. Turkey includes one of the more earthquake-prone areas of the world.
Highest Mountain: Mount Ararat 5,137 metres (16,854 ft)

Climate: Moderate in coastal areas, harsher temperatures inland.

People:
Nationality: Noun--Turk(s). Adjective--Turkish
Population: 78.7 million (2015)
Ethnic groups: Turkish, Kurdish, other
Religions: Muslim 98%, Christian, Bahai and Jewish
Languages: Turkish (official), Kurdish, and Arabic
Literacy: 82%.

Natural resources: Coal, iron ore, copper, chromium, antimony, mercury, gold, barite, borate, celestite (strontium), emery, feldspar, limestone, magnesite, marble, perlite, pumice, pyrites (sulfur), clay, arable land, hydropower.

Agriculture products: Tobacco, cotton, grain, olives, sugar beets, pulse, citrus; livestock.

Industries: Textiles, food processing, autos, mining (coal, chromite, copper, boron), steel, petroleum, construction, lumber, paper.

Exports - commodities: apparel, foodstuffs, textiles, metal manufactures, transport equipment

Exports partners: Germany 9.3%, UK 7.3%, Iraq 5.9%, Italy 4.8%, US 4.5%, France 4.1% (2015)

Imports - commodities: machinery, chemicals, semi-finished goods, fuels, transport equipment

Imports partners: China 12%, Germany 10.3%, Russia 9.9%, US 5.4%, Italy 5.1% (2015)

Currency: Turkish New Lira (TRY)

Note: External links will open in a new browser window.

Official Sites of Turkey

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaskanligi
Presidency of the Republic Of Turkey.

Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi
Site of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey.

T.C. D??i?leri Bakanl???
The Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs provides comprehensive information on Turkey and Turkish culture.

Diplomatic Missions
Mission of Turkey to the United Nations
Site of the Turkish Mission to the UN.
Embassy of the Republic of Turkey in the U.S.
Washington D.C
Türkische Botschaft Berlin
Embassy of Turkey in Germany.
List of Turkish Diplomatic Missions in the World
Addresses of Turkish Missions Abroad.
Diplomatic Missions in Turkey
Foreign Diplomatic Missions accredited in Turkey.

Government Bodies and Ministries of Republic of Turkey
List of links to Government Agencies and Ministries.

Maps

Map of Turkey
Political map of Turkey.
Map of Turkey
Shaded relief map of Turkey.

Google Earth Map Turkey
Searchable map and satellite view of Turkey.

Cities:

Ankara, Istanbul

Landmarks:

Google Earth Map Hagia Sophia and the Blue Mosque
Satellite view with information about Hagia Sophia (Ayasofya) and
Sultanahmet Mosque (Blue Mosque), Istanbul.

Google Earth Mount Ararat
Satellite view and information about Mount Ararat, highest mountain in Turkey.

Continent:

Map of the Mediterranean
Political Map of the Mediterranean.

Map of the Balkan Peninsula
Political Map of the Balkans.

Map of Western Asia
Map of Western Asia and the Middle East region.

Map of Europe
Political Map of Europe.

Uchisar is situated at the highest point in Cappadocia, a historical region in Central Anatolia, known for its distinctive “fairy chimneys,” tall, cone-shaped rock formations clustered in Monks Valley, G?reme and surrounding areas. G?reme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia

are a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Image: Bernard Gagnon

Turkey News

Anadolu Ajansi
The Turkish news agency
Cumhuriyet
Turkish Newspaper. (in Turkish)
Dünya Gazetesi
Turkish Newspaper (Turkish)
Hurriyet
Daily Newspaper (Turkish)
Milliyet
Daily Newspaper (Turkish)
Sabah
Daily Newspaper (Turkish)

Daily Sabah
Pro-government daily published in Turkey (in English).
Hürriyet Daily News
Oldest current English-language daily in Turkey.
turkishpress.com
US based web site featuring turkish daily news and information about Turkey.
Turkish Radio - Television Corporation - TRT
Provides national and international news in all major languages.
Yeni Safak
Conservative Turkish daily newspaper (in English).

NTV Online
TV online (in Turkish)
Turkish Radios Online
A guide to Turkish Radios

Turkish Press
List of Turkish national and local news papers and news agencies.
Newspapers in Turkey
Wikipedia's list of newspapers in Turkey.

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Arts & Culture The Topkapi Palace Museum Home of almost all the Ottoman sultans. Turkish Arts & Culture Turkey's culture information by the Ministry of Culture. Turkish Cuisine Extensive information about Turkish Cuisine, includes food history, a food dictionary and recipes. Turkish Cultural Foundation Turkish Cultural Foundation promotes Turkish culture and heritage.

Business & Economy

Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankasi
Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey.

Istanbul Stock Exchange
The official web site of the Istanbul Stock Exchange (ISE)

Turkish Standards Institution
Official website of the Turkish Standards Institution, Ankara.

About Turkey
This site is created for information about Turkey and about companies
that imports and/or exports goods, make booking and charters.

Foreign Economic Relations Board - DEIK
Site provides information about doing business in Turkey.

__ Transportation
Airlines
Turk Hava Yollari
Turkish Airlinesis the national airline of Turkey based in ?stanbul.
Pegasus Airlines
The airline is based in Istanbul and operates holiday charter flights to Turkish resorts from around 100 destinations in 17 countries.
Sun Express
The airline is based in Antalya, it operates scheduled and charter flights to destinations in Europe.

Airports
Atatürk International Airport
(IATA: IST) The major international airport in Istanbul, located in Ye?ilköy, on the European side of the city. The airport is named after Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder and the first president of the Republic of Turkey.

Esenbo?a International Airport
(IATA: ESB), the airport in Ankara, the capital city of Turkey.

Antalya Airport
(IATA: AYT) Antalya, Turkey's primary holiday destination on the Mediterranean coast.

Rail
Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devlet Demiryollar - TCDD
Turkish State Railways.

Hagia Sophia, Istanbul

Bodrum Castle, the fortress was built in the port city of Bodrum by the Knights of St John from 1402 onwards.
Image: Horvat

Travel and Tour Consumer Information

Destination Turkey - Travel and Tour Guides

Discover Turkey: Ankara, An?tkabir (Atatürk mausoleum);
Istanbul, Dolmabah?e Palace (core of Ottoman power), Galata Tower, ?stiklal Avenue (shopping), Grand Bazaar and Spice Bazaar, Hagia Sophia, Sultan Ahmed Mosque and Süleymaniye Mosque, Topkap? Palace (residence of Ottoman sultans);
Bodrum, Bodrum Castle, Mausoleum at Halicarnassus (Tomb of Mausolus);
G?reme National Park (Cappadocia); Library of Celsus (Ephesus);
Pamukkale (white travertine terraces);
Mount Nemrut (2,134 m high summit with large statues from the 1st century BC.)

Go Turkey
Turkey's official Tourism Portal.

Turizm Bakanligi
Tourist and travel information by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism.

Turkey
Official Turkey guide for the Americas.

Turkey in Pictures
Images of Turkish regions, cities and landmarks.

City Guides
Ankara
Official website of the Turkish capital city.

Istanbul Convention & Visitors Bureau
A portal to the world's only city on two continents.
istanbul.com
The Official City Guide.

Education

Ankara Üniversitesi
The Ankara University, since 1946, formerly the Faculty of Political Science in Ankara (since 1859).
Istanbul Technical University
The world's third-oldest technical university, founded by Sultan Mustafa III in 1773.
Istanbul Üniversitesi
The Istanbul University was established in 1453 by the Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II..
Marmara Üniversitesi
The Marmara University, a public university in the Fatih district of Istanbul.

Milli Kutuphane
The National Library, Ankara.
Turkish Academy of Science (TÜBA)
Founded in 1993.
Turkish Counsel of Higher Education

Environment & Nature

Ministry of Environment
Official website of the ministry.

NGOs
Turkish Foundation for Combating Erosion, for Reforestation, and the Protection of Natural Habitats
Official website of TEMA with information about the work and goals of the foundation.
Environment Foundation of Turkey
Official website of the foundation with information about the activities of EFT.
Turkish Marine Research Foundation
An institution for marine environment protection and preservation, conducts research on marine life and habitat.
Society for the Protection of Nature DHKD
Information about the Society (in Turkish)

National Parks
National Parks of Turkey
Wikipedia page with information about Turkish National Parks and preserved areas.

History

Kemal Ataturk
Kemal Atatürk
Private website about the life and work of the creator of modern Turkey.

Biography of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk
Article by the Turkey Ministry Of Culture and Tourism.

Turkey History
Turkish History
A Brief Outline of Turkish History.

The Ottoman Empire
The history, military, culture and arts of the Ottoman Empire.

Turkish National Archives
(until now only in Turkish)

Türk Tarih Kurumu
The Turkish History Society.

History of Turkey
Wikipedia's History of Turkey.

Search

list2000
Directory of Turkey related sites.
Turkey Central
Turkey's English-language travel, business, and cultural directory.

Open Directory Project: Turkey